Newly developed time-distance helioseismic imaging method, which includes more multiskip acoustic waves, is proved to be more reliable in mapping the Sun’s far-side active regions.
Subsurface meridional flows from ring-diagram analysis showed a clear hemispheric asymmetry in last 18 years. Interestingly, this flow asymmetry leads the magnetic flux and sunspot number asymmetry by 3.1 – 3.6 years.
What excites the sunspot umbral oscillations? Through analyzing two sunspots observed by FeI line, the authors found that the 3-minute umbral oscillations are likely excited by internal small-scale magnetoconvection associated with umbral dots.
A number of sunquake events were detected in the photosphere after the X9.3 flare of 6 September 2017. This analysis reported the first detection of the chromspheric response to the sunquake events using CaII and Hα observations made by the Swedish 1-meter Solar Telescope.
Power-spectrum analysis is applied on the time-distance measured travel-time shifts in the Sun’s north-south direction along the equatorial area, and the existence of Rossby waves is confirmed.
The Sun’s oblateness shows a variation with solar cycles, in phase with the solar activity level in Cycle 23 but in anti-phase with the activity level in Cycle 24. Such a trend of in-phase during odd cycles and anti-phase during even cycles is confirmed after examining past observations.
To minimize cross-talk effect from vertical flows and sound-speed perturbations, a new inversion code is developed to invert for flows and sound-speed perturbations simultaneously from time-distance travel-time measurements. The code is validated using numerical simulation data.
Through analyzing simultaneous HMI’s visible-light observations and AIA’s ultraviolet observations, the authors show that a significant amount of acoustic waves with frequencies lower than the theoretical cutoff frequency can channel up along less inclined magnetic field from the photosphere to the chromosphere.
An analysis of zonal flow acceleration/deceleration inside the Sun reveals patterns of dynamo waves, and suggests that the primary seat of the dynamo is located in a high-latitude zone of the tachocline.
Analysis of HMI and KONUS/WIND data shows that photospheric and helioseismic flare impacts started to develop in compact regions in close vicinity of the magnetic polarity inversion line in the pre-impulsive phase before detection of hard X-ray emission.