A statistical comparison between HMI vector magnetograms and line-of-sight–derived radial fields shows that LOS-based estimates systematically underestimate the true radial field, with the bias increasing toward the limb. A numerical modeling demonstrate that this center-to-limb variation in the underestimation of radial field arises from non-radial magnetic field inclinations.
An analysis of two active regions shows that differently evolving ARs may produce major eruptive flares even when, in addition to the accumulation of significant free magnetic energy budgets, they accumulate large amounts of both left- and right-handed helicity without a strong dominance of one handedness over the other.
A statistical study of emerging active regions demonstrates that these ARs tend to produce CMEs when they accumulate significant budgets of both magnetic helicity and energy.
Through analyzing a number of active regions, this analysis finds that while flares are guided by the physical properties that scale with AR size, CMEs are guided by mean properties, with little dependence on the amount of shear at the polarity inversion line or the net current.
This analysis shows that a new bipolar emergence, whose positive polarity collided with the pre-existing negative polarity, in AR11283 led to energy and helicity buildup in the form of magnetic flux ropes. Recurrent energy releases caused a few homologous CMEs from this region.
A segment of bald patch in AR 12673 disintegrated rapidly during solar cycle 24’s most intense flare. The horizontal magnetic field perpendicular to the polarity inversion line changed sign, while the parallel component permanently increased.
A statistical study of hundreds of solar flares, with or without CMEs associated with them, indicates the larger the total magnetic flux of the flare-host active region, the less likely the flare is associated with a CME.
An emulation of the VFISV Stokes Inversion that trains a deep
network (U-Net) to map directly from IQUV polarized light to Milne-Eddington magnetic field parameters. The accuracy of this method suggests that it could serve as a warm-start for VFISV or as a pre-disambiguation stand-in.
Analysis of magnetic helicity of eruptive and confined flaring events indicates that non-potential magnetic helicity is indicative to eruptive potentials of active regions.
New HMI 96-minute vector magnetograms are now available. Deep averaging reduces noise and enhances long-lived magnetic structures.